In a large pot over medium heat, add 3 tablespoons salted butter, 3 cloves garlic (finely chopped or grated), 2 teaspoons dried oregano, 2 teaspoons dried basil, 1 teaspoon onion powder, and a pinch of red pepper flakes. Cook, stirring, until the garlic is fragrant, about 2–3 minutes.
Pour in 4 cups water and increase heat to high to bring the water to a boil. Add 1 teaspoon kosher salt and 1 pound penne pasta. Boil, stirring occasionally, until the pasta is mostly cooked but still slightly firm (about 8 minutes). Do not drain the water.
Reduce heat to medium-low. Stir in 1 cup whole milk (or canned coconut milk), 1/2 cup heavy cream (or canned coconut milk), and 2 ounces cream cheese (at room temperature). Cook, stirring frequently, until the cream cheese melts and the sauce becomes creamy and the pasta reaches al dente (about 4–5 minutes).
Stir in 1 1/2 cups grated Parmesan cheese until melted and the sauce is smooth. Remove the pot from the heat and stir in 3 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley. Taste and season with kosher salt and black pepper as needed.
While the pasta finishes, make the arugula topping: in a bowl whisk together 1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil, the juice from 1 lemon, 1/2 shallot (finely chopped), and a pinch each of red pepper flakes, salt, and black pepper. Add 2 cups baby arugula and 1/2 cup mixed fresh herbs (such as parsley and basil). Toss to coat evenly.
Divide the creamy penne among bowls, top each serving with the spicy arugula mixture, and sprinkle with additional Parmesan if desired. Serve immediately.