Preheat the oven to 350°F. Spray an oven-safe skillet with non-stick spray (a cast-iron or iron fry pan works well).
Measure 1/4 cup solid coconut oil. If it is very firm, let it sit a few minutes at room temperature so it softens enough to work with.
In a mixing bowl, combine the coconut oil and 1/3 cup coconut sugar. Using an electric mixer on low speed, beat until the mixture is light and fluffy (about 1–2 minutes).
Add the 1 room-temperature egg and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract. Mix on low speed just until combined and smooth.
Add 1/4 teaspoon baking soda, 1/4 teaspoon kosher salt, and 1 cup almond flour. Mix on low speed until just combined, scraping the bowl as needed; avoid overmixing.
Fold in 1 cup semisweet chocolate chips with a spatula until evenly distributed.
Transfer and press the dough evenly into the prepared oven-safe skillet.
Bake for 15–20 minutes, until the edges are golden and the top is lightly browned and the center is set but still slightly soft.
Remove the skillet from the oven, let the cookie cool in the skillet a few minutes, then serve warm.